The MCAT is a standardized test. A standardized test is intended to be sensitive to differences in capacity or aptitude in specific areas and not in other (extraneous) factors or attributes. The MCAT Physical Sciences section, for example, attempts to measure facility with introductory chemistry and physics without giving the examinee a “bonus” for calculus or advanced courses taken.
Your raw score is scaled to a curve relative to entire group performance (and in some cases, how everyone who took the exam over the past few years did). Thus, your final score is based not only on your performance but on the performance of the testing group as a whole. Your MCAT score indicates how far above or below average your raw test score is.
The Verbal Reasoning, Biological Sciences, and Physical Sciences sections are scored on a 1-15 scale. The new Trial Section is voluntary and not scored.
Results generally arrive by mail thirty to thirty-five days after the test date.
Source
“Medical College Admission Test (MCAT),” AAMC, https://www.aamc.org/students/applying/mcat/